It is one of the most famous architectural buildings in the 20th century. The Bauhaus was build in only just a year. In 1926 Bauhaus was completed. This building has glass walls, right angles, and flat roofs. A 43 years old man, Walter Gropius was the architect of Bauhaus and also the director.
Walter Gropius wanted to design a building that could be helpful to the needs of the school. He divided his building into six.
"The higher academy for the Arts"
This part of the Bauhaus. This has the large Bauhaus workshop. This is a functional area that gives every student an opportunity to express his design. As you can see it doesn't have walls just glass this is so it doesn't give an impression of enclosure. This part of building it's all about what's sees, If there are people from outside or from inside.
Walter Gropius wanted this part to be the strongest element of the project. The image that people keep thinking of.
There are no extravagant wall glasses here. The students are sort of hidden a little bit.
A collective area with a theatre and a refractory.
This is where students from the technical school. art schools and teacher meet. it's a place for performance, activities and meetings. From the facade, we see that the windows are covered. This shows that this was a private area.
Studio accommodation for the students
This is the highest section of the building. This part is housing for students. There are 24 studio flats on four floors. As you look at this section you see the rooms enhance out onto a not so big balcony. Here there aren't big windows but there something else that is interesting. When looking at this section it's like it has a rhymed this is because it's like playing with light and shadow the element of black and white. This was a style that in that period of time architect used to do in their buildings.
And Technical school to train young apprentices. " (csxlab, 2011)This is known as the director's office too. So Walter Gropius had to design his own office. This part had to be in the centre of the Bauhaus in a high position linking the two schools together. The two schools are Bauhaus and the workshop and the technical school.
Walter Gropius could make it any shape he wants and he used the interlocking system by joining the 6 different buildings into and asymmetric form.
"You must walk around the building to understand its materiality and the function of its various elements.." (Walter Gropius)
It's pointless to see the Bauhaus from one angle. The Bauhaus from every corner has different aspects. This building has vast surfaces and different height, corresponding to the needs of the school.
Walter Gropius placed the Bauhaus in the section where there is the housing for students, when the sun raise it will hit the glass so the students will walk up early and start.
All day long the sun then falls on the workshop. Then when the sun is going to set down the technical school get the last light. The problem of the sun in summer was the heat. especially in the section of the workshop where it would be impossible to work and if they did curtains it will destroy the concept of why Gropius wanted transparency. And in the winter, there was even a problem because the steel structure will rest and it would be very cold inside. After the years, the steel structure was replaced with aluminium. Walter Gropius came up with this brilliant idea, he created a facade bearing only its own way without any link to the floor, it's like a curtain of glass.
Walter Gropius has done something similar in his first commissions the Fagus factory.
Walter Gropius said
"I believe that we need to lead our future architects from other observation to discovery from discovery the invention and final urge them to use their intuition in giving artistic shape to our environment."
Reference
csxlab, 2011. The Dessau Bauhaus | 01/23. [video online] Available at: < https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IyhrMZB-WLo > [Accessed 25 Jun 2011].
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